Nursing diagnosis is a critical component of the nursing process, serving as the foundation for personalized patient care. NANDA International (NANDA-I) provides a standardized language for nursing diagnoses, ensuring clear communication and effective care planning among healthcare professionals. This guide offers an overview of commonly used NANDA-I nursing diagnoses, categorized by domain, to assist nursing students and practitioners in their clinical practice. Understanding these diagnostic categories is essential for accurate assessment, intervention, and evaluation of patient needs.
NANDA-I Diagnoses by Domain
The NANDA-I framework organizes nursing diagnoses into domains, reflecting different aspects of human health. These domains provide a structured approach to identifying and addressing patient needs holistically. Below is a categorized list of sample NANDA-I diagnoses, offering a starting point for understanding this comprehensive system.
Domain 1: Health Promotion
This domain focuses on diagnoses related to an individual’s well-being and their capacity to enhance their health.
- Health Awareness:
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Health Management:
- Frail elderly syndrome
- Ineffective health maintenance
Domain 2: Nutrition
This domain encompasses diagnoses related to the intake, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and hydration of nutrients.
- Ingestion:
- Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
- Readiness for enhanced nutrition
- Impaired swallowing
- Metabolism:
- Risk for unstable blood glucose level
- Hydration:
- Risk for electrolyte imbalance
- Deficient fluid volume
- Excess fluid volume
- Risk for imbalanced fluid volume
Domain 3: Elimination and Exchange
This domain addresses diagnoses concerning the secretion and excretion of waste products from the body.
- Urinary function:
- Impaired urinary elimination
- Functional urinary incontinence
- Overflow urinary incontinence
- Reflex urinary incontinence
- Stress urinary incontinence
- Urge urinary incontinence
- Urinary retention
- Gastrointestinal function:
- Constipation
- Risk for constipation
- Diarrhea
- Bowel incontinence
- Respiratory function:
- Impaired gas exchange
Domain 4: Activity/Rest
This domain includes diagnoses related to activity, exercise, sleep, and rest.
- Sleep/Rest:
- Insomnia
- Disturbed sleep pattern
- Activity/Exercise:
- Risk for disuse syndrome
- Impaired bed mobility
- Impaired physical mobility
- Impaired wheelchair mobility
- Impaired sitting
- Impaired standing
- Impaired transfer ability
- Impaired walking
- Energy balance:
- Fatigue
- Wandering
- Cardiovascular/Pulmonary responses:
- Activity intolerance
- Ineffective breathing pattern
- Decreased cardiac output
- Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion
- Self-care:
- Bathing self-care deficit
- Dressing self-care deficit
- Feeding self-care deficit
- Toileting self-care deficit
Domain 5: Perception/Cognition
This domain focuses on diagnoses related to sensory perception, cognition, and communication.
- Attention:
- Unilateral neglect
- Cognition:
- Acute confusion
- Chronic confusion
- Deficient knowledge
- Readiness for enhanced knowledge
- Impaired memory
- Communication:
- Readiness for enhanced communication
- Impaired verbal communication
Domain 6: Self-Perception
This domain encompasses diagnoses related to self-concept, self-esteem, and body image.
- Self-concept:
- Hopelessness
- Readiness for enhanced self-concept
- Self-esteem:
- Chronic low self-esteem
- Body image:
- Disturbed body image
Domain 7: Role Relationship
This domain includes diagnoses related to roles and relationships with others.
- Caregiving roles:
- Caregiver role strain
- Risk for caregiver role strain
- Family relationships:
- Dysfunctional family processes
- Role performance:
- Impaired social interaction
Domain 8: Sexuality
This domain addresses diagnoses related to sexual identity, sexual function, and reproduction.
- Sexual function:
- Sexual dysfunction
Domain 9: Coping/Stress Tolerance
This domain focuses on diagnoses related to coping mechanisms and stress tolerance.
- Post-trauma responses:
- Risk for relocation stress syndrome
- Coping responses:
- Anxiety
- Ineffective coping
- Death anxiety
- Fear
- Grieving
- Complicated grieving
- Powerlessness
- Neurobehavioral stress:
- Risk for autonomic dysreflexia
Domain 10: Life Principles
This domain includes diagnoses related to values, beliefs, and spiritual practices.
- Life Principles:
- Readiness for enhanced spiritual well-being
- Decisional conflict
- Spiritual distress
Domain 11: Safety/Protection
This domain addresses diagnoses related to safety, security, and protection from harm.
- Infection:
- Risk for infection
- Physical injury:
- Ineffective airway clearance
- Risk for aspiration
- Risk for bleeding
- Risk for falls
- Risk for injury
- Impaired dentition
- Risk for pressure ulcer
- Impaired skin integrity
- Impaired tissue integrity
- Violence:
- Risk for suicide
- Environmental hazards:
- Risk for poisoning
- Defensive processes:
- Risk for allergy response
- Thermoregulation:
- Hyperthermia
- Hypothermia
Domain 12: Comfort
This domain encompasses diagnoses related to comfort, pain, and well-being.
- Physical comfort:
- Impaired comfort
- Nausea
- Acute pain
- Chronic pain
- Social comfort:
- Risk for loneliness
Domain 13: Growth/Development
This domain includes diagnoses related to age-appropriate growth and development.
- Growth/Development:
- Risk for delayed development
Conclusion
This overview of NANDA-I nursing diagnoses by domain provides a valuable resource for understanding the breadth and depth of patient needs addressed in nursing practice. Utilizing NANDA-I diagnoses effectively ensures that nurses can provide comprehensive and patient-centered care, promoting better health outcomes. For more detailed information and application, consulting a comprehensive nursing care planning resource is highly recommended.
