Being diagnosed with low testosterone, also known as hypogonadism, can be a significant health concern for men. It’s a condition where the body doesn’t produce enough testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. Understanding your diagnosis is the first step towards managing your health and exploring effective treatment options. This article will guide you through the types of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) available after a Low Testosterone Diagnosis, helping you to make informed decisions in consultation with your healthcare provider.
After receiving a low testosterone diagnosis, many men seek ways to restore their testosterone levels and alleviate associated symptoms like fatigue, reduced muscle mass, and decreased libido. Testosterone replacement therapy is a common and effective approach. It’s crucial to understand the various forms of TRT available, each with its own set of benefits, drawbacks, and administration methods.
Here are the primary types of testosterone replacement therapy you might encounter after a low testosterone diagnosis:
Types of Testosterone Replacement Therapy
Topical Gels
Testosterone gels are applied directly to the skin, usually on the upper arm, shoulder, or thigh, depending on the specific product. Brands like AndroGel, Testim, Vogelxo, and Fortesta fall into this category. The skin absorbs the testosterone, delivering it into the bloodstream.
It’s important to allow the gel to dry completely and avoid showering or bathing for several hours after application to ensure proper absorption. A potential side effect is skin irritation at the application site. Furthermore, there’s a risk of transference, where the medication can be passed to another person through skin contact. Precautions should be taken to prevent this, such as covering the application area or ensuring the gel is fully dry before skin-to-skin contact.
Injections (Shots)
Testosterone injections are another common form of TRT. Testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone) and testosterone enanthate (Xyosted) are administered either intramuscularly (into a muscle) or subcutaneously (under the skin). The frequency of injections varies, and symptom fluctuations may occur between doses depending on the injection schedule.
These injections can be self-administered at home by the patient or a trained family member. Alternatively, they can be administered by a healthcare professional. Another injectable form, testosterone undecanoate (Aveed), is given less frequently, typically every 10 weeks, and must be administered by a medical professional due to the risk of serious side effects.
Transdermal Patches
Testosterone patches are applied to the skin, usually on the arm or torso, and are typically replaced every night. These patches deliver a consistent dose of testosterone through the skin over a 24-hour period.
Skin irritation at the patch site is a potential side effect, ranging from mild to severe in some cases.
Gum and Cheek (Buccal) Tablets
Buccal testosterone delivery involves a small, putty-like tablet that adheres to the gumline above the upper teeth, in the buccal cavity. This method, taken two to three times daily, releases testosterone directly into the bloodstream through the oral mucosa.
Gum irritation is a possible side effect associated with buccal tablets.
Nasal Gel
Nasal testosterone gel (Natesto) is administered by pumping the gel into the nostrils, typically three times daily in each nostril. This method reduces the risk of transference to others through skin contact.
However, the frequent administration schedule might be considered less convenient compared to other TRT methods.
Implantable Pellets
Testosterone pellets (Testopel) are surgically implanted under the skin, usually in the hip or buttock area. These pellets slowly release testosterone over an extended period, typically 3 to 6 months, requiring less frequent administration.
This option involves a minor surgical procedure for insertion and removal.
Oral Testosterone
While oral testosterone was previously associated with liver problems and uneven testosterone levels, a newer oral form, testosterone undecanoate (Jatenzo, Tlando, Kyzatrex), has been approved. It is absorbed through the lymphatic system, potentially reducing liver-related risks. However, it is not indicated for age-related hypogonadism. Due to potential liver risks and the availability of other safer and more effective options, oral testosterone is not a first-line treatment for low testosterone diagnosis.
Risks Associated with Testosterone Therapy
Regardless of the type, testosterone therapy carries potential risks, including:
- Increased red blood cell count: This can increase the risk of blood clots.
- Acne: Hormonal changes can trigger acne breakouts.
- Gynecomastia (enlarged breasts): Testosterone can convert to estrogen, leading to breast tissue growth.
- Sleep disturbances: Including sleep apnea.
- Prostate growth: Testosterone can stimulate prostate enlargement.
- Reduced sperm production: Exogenous testosterone can suppress natural sperm production.
Many of these side effects are dose-dependent and can be mitigated by adjusting the dosage under medical supervision. Regular follow-up with your healthcare provider to monitor testosterone levels and overall health is crucial when undergoing TRT.
Conclusion
A low testosterone diagnosis doesn’t mean you have to live with the symptoms. Testosterone replacement therapy offers various methods to restore hormone levels and improve your quality of life. Understanding the different types of TRT, their administration, benefits, and risks is essential. Discuss these options thoroughly with your doctor to determine the most suitable treatment plan based on your individual needs and health profile after your low testosterone diagnosis.
